When do isotopes of the same element differ

Their masses are different, but they react the same way chemically. Isotopes usually aren't given special names, with the exception of deuterium and tritium, which are hydrogen isotopes. Instead, isotopes are simply labeled according to their atomic mass number. This number refers to the mass of the element's nucleus. Because protons and neutrons have roughly the same weight, the atomic mass number is simply the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

All carbon has six protons, but different isotopes have different numbers of neutrons. Carbon is the most common, with six neutrons, but carbon and carbon — with seven and eight neutrons, respectively — also occur naturally.

Positive and negative charges attract. For an atom or molecule to be stable, it must have a net charge of zero, meaning that the positive and negative charges cancel each other out. The number of positively charged protons in the nucleus determines the number of negatively charged electrons that orbit the nucleus. Chemical reactions are driven by the interaction between the positive and negative charges — the protons and electrons — of different atoms.

Because neutrons aren't positive or negative, they don't influence chemical reactions. In other words, different isotopes don't behave any differently during chemical reactions or when forming compounds. They're distinguished only by weight.

The periodic table lists the atomic masses of each element. After many decades of studying atoms, scientists discovered that all atoms are made up of three different kinds of sub-atomic particles.

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Note that the element is still hydrogen, because Z , "the atomic number" , is still 1. And a smaller few hydrogen nuclei are substituted by a nuclide with 2 neutrons, i. Most elements have several different isotopes, and their weighted average gives rise to the quoted atomic mass.

How do isotopes of an element differ? In what ways are they the same? Chemistry Matter Isotopes.